Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Natural Resources refer to the material resources that can be get from nature directly and used for production and life. Natural resources usually can be divided into 2 kinds; renewable resources and non-renewable resources. Renewable resources refer to the resources that can reproduce or recycle in a comparatively short time, including land resource, water resource, climate resource, biology resource, ocean and sea resource and so on. Non-renewable resources refer to the resources that cannot reproduce after using, including mineral resources and geothermal resource.
Land Resource Land refers to the surface of the earth, consisting of mainly rocks and its weathering and earth. Land resource can be classified, by its utilization, as land for agriculture, land for construction and unused land. Land for agriculture includes cultivated land, plantation land, forestland, grassland and waters. Land for construction includes land for residential purpose, for manufacturing and mining, for transportation and for water conservancy projects. Unused land refers to land other than land for agriculture and construction, including beaches, deserts, Gobi, glaciers and rock mountains.
Area of Afforested Land refers to land for trees, bamboo, bushes and mangrove, including forest-covered land, bush-covered land, sparse forest land, land planned for forestation and nurseries of young trees.
Area of Grassland refers to areas of grassland, grass-slopes and grass-covered hills with vegetation covering rate of over 5% that are used for animal husbandry or harvesting of grass. It includes natural, cultivated and improved grassland area.
Oceans and Seas Oceans refer to the principal part of the large bodies of saltwater connecting on the surface of the earth. Seas refer to the edges that the large bodies of saltwater connecting on the surface of the earth encircled or isolated by land, islands, reefs and peninsulas.
Forest Area refers to the area of forest where trees and bamboo grow with canopy density above 0.2 including land of natural woods and planted woods, but excluding bush land and thin forestland. It reflects the total areas of forestation.
Stock Volume of Forest refers to total stock volume of wood growing in forest area, which shows the total size and level of forest resources of a country or a region. It is also an important indicator illustrating the richness of forest resource and the status of forest ecological environment.
Forest Coverage Rate refers to the ratio of area of forestation land to total land area. It is a very important indicator that reflects the status of abundance of forest resource and ecosystem balance. Forest area includes the area of trees and bamboo grow with canopy density above 0.2, the area of shrubby tree according to regulations of the government, the area of forest land inside farm land and the area of trees plated by the side of villages, farm houses and along roads and rivers. The formula for calculating forest coverage rate is as follows:
Forest Coverage Rate(%) = (Area of Forested Land / Area of Total Land) ×100%
Ensured Reserves of Mineral Resources refer to the proven reserves of mineral resources (including industrial reserves and future reserves), which equal to the basic reserves and volume of resources minus the part mined and underground losses. They reflect status quo of mineral resources of countries.
Volume of Runoff refers to the volume of water that run through a certain cross section of a river during a given period, and it reflects the abundance of water resource in a country or region. The formula for calculating the volume of runoff is as follows:
Volume of Runoff = Amount of Precipitation – Amount of Evaporation
Atmospheric Temperature refers to the temperature of air, and is usually measured in degree centigrade (℃) in China. The thermometer for climate observation is placed in a drafty thermometer screen in distance of 1.5 meters from ground, thus the atmospheric temperature usually called refers to the temperature in the thermometer in distance of 1.5 meters from ground. The statistical calculating method is:
Average monthly atmospheric temperature equals to add up the average atmospheric temperatures of all days over a month and then multiplies the number of days over the month.
Average annual atmospheric temperature equals to add up the average monthly atmospheric temperatures and then multiplies 12.
Amount of Precipitation refers to the depth of liquid or solid (melted) water, which falls from sky to land, collected on ground without evaporation, infiltration and loss. The statistical calculating method is:
Monthly amount of precipitation equals to add up the amount of precipitation in all days over a month.
Annual amount of precipitation equals to add up the monthly amount of precipitation in 12 months of 1 year.
Sunshine Time refers to the actual hours that the sun shining ground. The statistical calculating method is the same as amount of precipitation.
Volume of Industrial Waste Water Discharged refers to the volume of industrial waste water discharged, through all outlets, to the outside of industrial enterprises, including waste water produced, direct-cooling water, underground water from mines from mines that does not meet the standard of discharge, and the domestic sewage mixed up with industrial waste water when discharged, but excluding discharged indirect-cooling water.
Volume of Waste Water up to the Standard for Discharged refers to the volume of discharged industrial wastewater that, with or without treatment, has come up to the national or local standard for discharge.
Volume of Industrial Waste Gas Emission refers to waste gas emitted from burning of fuels and from production process in the area of factory, and is measured by 10 000 standard cubic meters each year under normal condition (273K, 101325Pa).
Volume of Industrial Sulphur Dioxide Dischargedd refers to the volume of sulphur dioxide to the air in the process of fuel burning or in the production process.
Volume of Industrial Soot Discharged refers to the volume solid soot in the smoke discharged in the process of fuel burning in the area of the factory.
Industrial Dust Discharged refers to the total weight of solid dust discharged by industrial enterprises in the production process, such as dust of refractory materials form iron plants, dust from coke-screening systems or from sintering machines of coking plants, dust form lime kilns, cements dust from building material enterprises, etc., but excluding smoke and dust discharged by power plants.
Volume of Industrial Solid Wastes Produced refers to the total volume of solid, semi-solid or high-concentration liquid residue produced by industrial enterprises in their production process, including dangerous wastes, residues from melting, fly ash, slag, gangue, tailings, radioactive residues and other residues, but excluding stripped or dug stones in mining (except gangue and acid or alkali stones which are stones washed or soaked by water with a PH value smaller than 4 or larger than 10.5)
Volume of Industrial Solid Wastes Utilized in a Comprehensive Way refers to the volume of solid wastes form which useful materials can be extracted or which can be changed to be utilizable resources, energy or other materials, including the volume of industrial solid wastes stored up in the previous years and utilized in the current year, such as the solid wastes utilized as fertilizers, building materials, for making roads or for other purpose. Solid wastes producing units collect statistical data on utilization of industrial solid wastes.
Volume of Industrial Solid Wastes Treated refers to solid wastes disposed of in a non-recoverable place that meet the requirement of environmental protection, such as burying (The dangerous wastes should be buried safely), burning, piling in designated sites, pouring water into the deep strata, filing of old mines, etc. (including treatment of solid wastes piled up in the previous years).
Volume of Industrial Solid Wastes Discharged refers to the volume of industrial solid wastes produced and discharged at the places outside the special facilities or special sites for preventing against pollution, excluding stripped or dug stones in mining (except gangue and acid or alkali waste stones).
Output Value of Products Made from Utilization of Waste Gas, Waste Water and Industrial Solid Wastes refers to the value of products (calculated at current prices) made by industrial enterprises using recovered waste water, waste gas or solid wastes as main raw materials. Only the value of the products, which have been sold or are ready, to be sold should be included. The value of the products, which will be used in the production of the enterprises, should not be included.
Statistical Range of City According to the new regulation of Ministry of Construction, the statistical range of administratively designated city refers to the urban area, and the statistical range of county refers to the county seat.
Urban Area of Administratively Designated City includes:
1. the area ruled by sub-district offices;
2. the area of other towns(villages) joint by city public facilities, living facilities and municipal facilities;
3. the special area of independent industrial and mining areas, development zones, institutions of scientific research and universities and colleges, with the permanent population above 3000 persons.
County Seat includes:
1. the area of the seat towns of county governments or sub-district offices;
2. the area of other towns(villages) joint by public facilities of county seats, living facilities and municipal facilities;
3. the special area of independent industrial and mining areas, development zones, institutions of scientific research and universities and colleges, with the permanent population above 3000 persons.
Area of City District refers to the total land area(including water area) in the administrative areas of the city. The administrative areas of the prefecture-level city excludes the under counties(county-level cities), and subject to the area of administrative divisions authorized by the State Department.
Urban Area refers to the area of the statistical range of the administratively designated cities’ construction.
Population of City District(county) refers to the population with permanent residences and not yet with permanent residences, and the residence-canceled population of criminals in custody, reform- through-labor personnel and reeducation- through-labor personnel. The population not yet with permanent residences refers to the personnel that without residences or have not registered their identifications(such as for birth, transferring, demobilization and returning to civilian work, reform- through-labor personnel released and reeducation- through-labor personnel released ) as permanent residences yet, and also includes the influx of population that have uncertain residences and settle for more than 1 year.
Population of Urban Area(county seat) refers to the population in the range of the circumscribed urban area(county seat).